Politics.be - Syrië heeft geen schulden bij het IMF

Wat Rusland betreft:

Putin stepped into the Acting Presidency at the close of the 1990's when Russia was a collapsed state with an empty treasury and massive debt to the IMF, World Bank and foreign governments. The IMF ignored its criteria and shoveled ever-larger loans to the Kremlin, desperately seeking to prop up Yeltsin. His profligate money-printing yielded 2500% inflation wiping out the savings of ordinary people and bankrupting the Mariinsky (Kirov) Opera and Ballet company. Universal secondary education was abandoned. Endemic factory closures had driven a third of the population below the poverty line. Life expectancy had plummeted and mortality rates had soared.

Pirani writes "Putin's accession to the presidency in 2000 meant the beginning of the end for the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, then post-Soviet Russia's most powerful political party." Within five years Putin had repaid the debt and the State had $478 billion in foreign currency and gold reserves. Since 2002 Russia has had a budget surplus of at least 4% every year according to the International Monetary Fund. Putin established a Stabilization fund, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds in the world making foreign investments. His popularity was cemented by the rising living standards and improving life expectancy in contrast to the plummeting rates of both in the 1990's. Pirani rejects the "KGB takeover" storyline so popular in the west and shows us Putin as the technocrat who made the state function with liberal market reformers including Kudrin and Chubais. "The state disciplined the oligarchs in the interests of the property-owning class as a whole, and restored to itself the functions it lost in the chaos of the 1990's."

BRON

Niet Rusland.