Idd, triestig dat zo een wagen degradeert tot een compliance car...
Pas als ze van de (plaatselijke) overheid wat meer zero-emission-wagens moeten maken gaan ze dat doen. In Californië bvb. is dat aandeel 3% sinds 2015. In andere landen of werelddelen kunnen ze met E-wagens hun opgelegde CO2-vloot van binnenkort 95 g/km (EU) halen enz...
( Tesla en ook Nissan Leaf vallen daar zeker niet onder)
Voor de leken:
Citaat:
https://www.autoguide.com/auto-news/...iance-car.html
Mar 27, 2014
What is a Compliance Car?
Many automakers offer electric cars, but it’s rare to see one at your local dealership or on the road. The reason, it turns out, is due to government regulations.
No, it’s not government regulations that are keeping EVs down. On the contrary, politicians (and not market demand) are the reason most of the electric cars on sale even exist. Those cars are what industry professionals term “compliance cars.”
Compliance Cars: a History Lesson
Ford's First-Ever All-Electric Passenger Car, Focus ElectricIn 2012 the California Air Resource Board (CARB) made it necessary for the six most popular automakers in the state (Honda, GM, Toyota, Nissan, Ford and Chrysler) to offer a zero-emissions vehicle. Failure to do so would result in losing the ability to sell any car in the region. This decision by CARB resulted in the Ford Focus EV, Chevrolet Spark EV, Fiat 500e, Toyota RAV4 EV and Honda Fit EV. These are considered “compliance” cars, designed specifically to meet CARB requirements and allow the automakers to continue selling cars in the state.
It should be noted that automakers are wary of the term “compliance car” despite the fact that these cars exist for the sole purpose of being compliant with the rules set out by CARB regulators.
Of those six bestselling automakers, only Nissan can avoid the “compliance car” stigma by offering a car with no limitations regarding production and ownership. The Nissan Leaf not only meets the CARB requirements but is also sold throughout the country (and the world) with recent monthly sales crossing the 1,300 unit mark in the U.S. For reference, last month, Nissan sold nearly four times more Leafs than the other five compliance cars combined. The only other automaker that sells close to 1,000 EVs a month is Tesla, a company that’s exempt from the CARB mandate, due to their low overall sales compared to bigger companies.
Nissan is joined by Tesla in this group as the only automakers offering vehicles designed from the ground up as electric vehicles and it’s working out well for both. The two control over 80 percent of the EV market in the U.S., showing that their commitment and investment in national sales are proving fruitful.
But there is more to a compliance car than just engineering a zero-emissions vehicle and hoping consumers will buy it. The rules state that each of the six automakers must hit a target of 0.79 percent of their total annual California sales as EVs. Next year that number will jump to three percent. The sales of zero-emissions vehicles are tracked by the state as credits and automakers can buy and sell credits in order to meet their quota.
This provides an incentive for smaller car companies like Tesla to sell EVs, so they can sell the credits they get for those vehicle sales to the bigger automakers that sell too few electric vehilces to satisfy the CARB requirements.
fiat-500eIn 2013, Chrysler and GM purchased the most EV credits, not a surprise seeing as the Spark EV and Fiat 500e both ranked as the worst selling EVs between the six automakers. They didn’t meet that minimum 0.79 percent of sales, so instead GM and Chrysler had to buy credits from other automakers.
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles CEO Sergio Marchionne complained that the company is losing $10,000 on each 500e it sells. Due to these economics, the electric Fiat is only available in California, as required by CARB for the automaker to continue selling all of its cars there.
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Andere is het ook al opgevallen dat GM er zijn voeten aan veegt en vragen zich af... soit een heel verhaal erond... Blijkbaar verkoopt GM nu vooral in Zuid-Korea en ook Canada, maar minder, ook wegens opgelegde emissiequota's... zie grafiek. Maar feit blijft dat de Bolt EV productie globaal gedaald is, en enkel daar levert waar het prioritair is, lees "verplicht".
(en dan maar zagen en miereneuken over Tesla, die alle records breekt)
Citaat:
https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/...utm_source=djc
Is This Why Sales of General Motors' Chevrolet Bolt EV Are Down?
It's not just about Tesla. In fact, it may mostly not be about Tesla.
John Rosevear (TMFMarlowe) Jul 5, 2018
General Motors said that it sold 3,483 Chevrolet Bolt EVs in the U.S. in the second quarter. That's a decline of 22.6% from the same period last year.
More to the point, that wasn't enough for the little Chevy to retain its bragging rights as the best-selling battery-electric vehicle in the U.S. not made by Tesla. The Bolt was handily outsold in the U.S. in the second quarter by Nissan's new-and-much-improved Leaf.
After just a year and a half on the market, has the Bolt run its course? Is it doomed to fade as Tesla finally ramps up production of its compact Model 3 sedan?
Not quite. Let's take a closer look at the Bolt's sales history.
A lingering question: Why did Bolt sales collapse in January?
The Bolt's U.S. sales have followed a curious pattern. They ramped up sharply through 2017, as you'd expect -- then dropped dramatically from December to January. As you can see, they've stayed near that much-lower level since.
Is this just about the ramped-up competition from Nissan and Tesla? That's the easy answer, especially if you're a Tesla fan. But it's probably not the right answer, or at least not a complete answer.
The surprising factor that is probably limiting U.S. Bolt sales
With U.S. sales down, you'd expect Bolts to be piling up at dealers. But that's not happening. On the contrary: Supplies have been somewhat tight for months.
Managing the supply of vehicles on dealers' lots (called "inventory") is a tricky science. Dealers like to have enough cars on lots to offer buyers a selection of colors and options. But if they have too many, they may have to discount them to sell them all.
Dealer inventories of vehicles are expressed in terms of "days' supply." For a model like the Bolt, somewhere between 65 and 75 days' worth is probably ideal -- or just over the "60" line in the chart below.
The chart shows a high level of inventory at the beginning of the Bolt's national rollout in the summer of 2017, that dwindled sharply as the year went on, to a very low level in January. Inventory has since been replenished and is holding steady between 60 and 70 days' worth.
GM had lots of Bolts in inventory last July, as the car's national rollout was getting underway. But since then, if anything, supplies have been tight -- very tight in late 2017 and early 2018.
The thing to know is that all Bolts (and the similar Ampera-e version) are made in a single factory, in Orion Township, Michigan. It's believed that factory is set up to make around 30,000 Bolts a year -- or roughly 2,500 a month, on average. Given that U.S. sales of the Bolt broke 2,500 in the last four months of 2017, the low inventories at year-end aren't really a surprise.
But there's more to the story now.
It's not just about the United States anymore
The press release that accompanied GM's second-quarter sales results included an interesting statement from U.S. sales chief Kurt McNeil: GM plans to increase production of the Bolt starting in the fourth quarter, because global demand has exceeded supply:
"Demand for the Chevrolet Bolt EV, especially in the United States, Canada, and South Korea, has outstripped production [emphasis added]. The extra production coming on line should be enough to help us keep growing global Bolt EV sales, rebuild our U.S. dealer inventory, and bring us another step closer to our vision of a world with zero emissions."
Translation: While U.S. inventories of the Bolt have recovered to a reasonable level, global supplies of the Bolt remain tight.
GM hasn't talked a lot about it before this week, but the company has been exporting Bolts to other markets, notably Canada and South Korea, as McNeil said. GM is also building the slightly modified version of the Bolt, the Ampera-e, for its former Opel and Vauxhall brands in Europe. (GM sold Opel and Vauxhall to Peugeot last year.)
When you consider that the Bolts that GM sold in Korea in May and June were probably made in the U.S. a few months earlier, the dip in U.S. sales early in 2018 starts to make sense.
Adding those sales to our chart answers a lot of questions, especially when you consider that it probably takes several weeks for Bolts to go from Michigan to South Korea.
DATA SOURCES: GENERAL MOTORS (U.S. AND SOUTH KOREA), INSIDEEVS (U.S. MONTHLY ESTIMATES FOR APRIL, MAY, AND JUNE OF 2018), AUTOMOTIVE NEWS (CANADA), AND CARSALESBASE COM (OPEL AND VAUXHALL). JUNE 2018 FIGURES FOR CANADA AND THE AMPERA-E WERE NOT AVAILABLE AT PRESS TIME; THE FIGURES INCLUDED IN THE CHART FOR JUNE ARE THE AVERAGE OF THE PRIOR THREE MONTHS' SALES FOR THOSE TWO CATEGORIES.
Chart resembles the U.S. sales chart through 2017. But when global sales are added, 2018's sales appear to be rising much like 2017's.
GM said that total global sales for the Bolt were up more than 35% in the second quarter, versus the second quarter of 2017, and that total sales were up more than 40% in the first half of 2018 versus the first half of 2017. Our chart might not be capturing all the markets in which GM is selling the Bolt, but the data we have suggests that if anything, GM is understating the Bolt's sales growth somewhat.
There's one more factor that might be impacting Bolt supply in a small way now, but it will almost certainly become a bigger deal next year. GM Cruise, the company's self-driving subsidiary, has developed a self-driving vehicle based on the Bolt. It's not in full production yet, and won't be until sometime in 2019. But there are hundreds of them operating in test fleets now, all made in that same Michigan factory.
Long story short: Supply is a big factor in the Bolt's U.S. sales totals
It's easy to assume that Bolt sales are suffering because of competition. That might be true to some extent. But it's also true that supplies of the little electric Chevy have been tight, thanks to demand outside the United States.
The takeaway: U.S. sales of the Bolt may be down, but from GM's global perspective, it is doing just fine.
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