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"Hernan Cortes considered it vital that the Indians subjected themselves not only to the Spanish throne but also to the 'mysteries of Christ'.[Portilla p.58] This was important as the Church had ruled that enslavement and war could only be made on groups that had rejected the Gospel.[Ibid] When encountering a people the Requerimiento was to read to them. Afterwards, if they still chose not to submit to God's will, violence was permissible. This was regardless of whether the people actually understood.
These sort of actions were still happening as late as 1550 when the Arawaks of Chile were forced to submit by Pedro de Valdivia. [Todorov p.148] From early on many priests spoke against the violence, including Fray Olmedo who was present with Cortes. Parallels can be drawn between the conquest and the defeat of the invading Moors in Spain who showed some form of civilization but were still unenlightened. The 'Ten Plagues' that befell Mexico were God's punishment on a sinful people.[Ibid p.135]
Indians had to be Christian before they could even be considered human. This was highlighted when Cortes talked of Indian temples as Mosques. He was the first to attempt superimposing of the Christian faith on local religions by 'cleansing' temples of idols and substituting Christian icons. [Cortes p.91] Idols were broken in public in an attempt to break the Indians spirit. The Spanish insisted on their religion of monotheism, and convinced many Indians to accept the Christian God. However this brought about the first contradictions in the 'spiritual conquest'."
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Hernan Cortez is wel de Azteken, hoor. Voor de Inca's is het Francisco Pizarro. Sapa Inca Atahualpa is door Pizarro geëxecuteerd. Hij had twee keuzes, heiden blijven en 'gehond' worden, i.e aan een paal gebonden verscheurd worden door hongerige honden, of gedoopt worden en 'genadevoller' sterven. Hij koos voor de doop.