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Oud 5 februari 2019, 13:12   #46
TV-verslaafde
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Ach, het moraliteitsbesef uitdelen deed vroeger de RKK. Daarom is er nu zoveel chaos rond alles. Dan heeft de linkse kerk dat overgenomen, het moraalriddertje spelen met een zwaar communistisch gelijkheid sausje.

Vrouwen stemmen eigenlijk massaal voor de persoon die de moraalridder uithangt. Ik dacht dat vrouwen dat besef zelf hadden, maar blijkbaar niet. Iemand moet hen dicteren wat de moraal juist is.

Citaat:
A Problem for the Enlightenment

To understand Kant’s moral philosophy it is crucial first of all to understand the problem that he, like other thinkers of the time, was trying to deal with. From time immemorial, people’s moral beliefs and practices had been based on religion. Scriptures like the bible or the Koran laid out moral rules that were thought to be handed down from God: Don’t kill. Don’t steal. Don’t commit adultery, and so on. The fact that the rules came from God gave them their authority. They were not just somebody’s arbitrary opinion: they gave humanity an objectively valid code of conduct. Moreover, everyone had an incentive to obey them. If you “walked in the ways of the Lord,” you would be rewarded, either in this life or the next. If you violated His commandments, you would be punished. So any sensible person would abide by the moral rules that religion taught.

With the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries, and the great cultural movement known as the Enlightenment which followed, a problem arose for this way of thinking. Simply put, faith in God, scripture, and organized religion began to decline among the intelligentsia–that is, the educated elite. This is the development that Nietzsche famously described as “the death of God.” And it created a problem for moral philosophy. For if religion wasn’t the foundation that gave our moral beliefs their validity, what other foundation could there be? And if there is no God, and therefore no guarantee of cosmic justice ensuring that the good guys are rewarded and the bad guys are punished, why should anyone bother trying to be good?

The Scottish moral philosopher Alisdair MacIntrye called this “the Enlightenment problem.” The problem is to come up with a secular–that is, a non-religious–account of what morality is and why we should be moral.
Three Responses to the Enlightenment Problem

1. Social Contract Theory

One response was pioneered by the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679). He argued that morality was essentially a set of rules that human beings agreed upon among themselves in order to make living together possible. If we didn’t have these rules, many of which are laws enforced by the government, life would be absolutely horrible for everyone.

2. Utilitarianism

Another attempt give morality a non-religious foundation was pioneered by thinkers like David Hume (1711-1776) and Jeremy Bentham (1748-1742). This theory holds that pleasure and happiness have intrinsic value. They are what we all want and are the ultimate goals that all our actions aim at. Something is good if it promotes happiness, and it is bad if it produces suffering. Our basic duty is to try to do things that add to the amount of happiness or reduce the amount of misery in the world.

3. Kantian Ethics

Kant had no time for utilitarianism. He thought that in placing the emphasis on happiness it completely misunderstood the nature of morality. In his view, the basis for our sense of what is good or bad, right or wrong, is our awareness that human beings are free, rational agents who should be given the respect appropriate to such beings. Let’s see in closer detail what this means and what it entails.
https://www.thoughtco.com/kantian-et...l-kant-4045398

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