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Onderwerp: kriegsspiele theory

Waarde,Meester xxxx

Kriegspiele is anders dan brainstormen.
In brainstormen primeert de samenwerking terwijl in kriiegspiele het een tollenspel is van tegenstanders .(opponents)

the dialogue setting is adversarial, to prevent the well-known problem of ‘tunnel vision’ or confirmation bias, by forcing the participants to look at all sides of a case.

The basic structure is a ‘coherence graph’, where the nodes are propositions and the edges are undirected positive or negative links (‘constraints’)
between propositions. On this way there is possibility of attacking arguments with counterarguments; the logic is thus nonmonotonic that aims
to resolve a conflict of opinion. In short, legal reasoning is nonmonotonic: arguments that are acceptable on the basis of certain information,
might be invalidated if new situations make stronger counterarguments applicable. One consequence of this is that law cannot
take the form of a single deductive system. Instead, they should have a dialectical form, where the counterarguments are explicitly rejected

In general, three kinds of attack are distinguished: arguing for a contradictory conclusion (rebutting attack), arguing that an inference rule has an
exception (undercutting attack), or denying a premise (premise-attack). The proponent starts with the argument to be tested and then the opponents
take turns: at each turn the opponent must defeat the other’s last argument. This is captured by the idea of theory-building dialogues. This is the idea that
during a dialogue the participants jointly construct a theory of some kind.

Nonmonotonic reasoning can cope with uncertainty, disagreement and exceptions. such as attacking defeasible modus ponens by arguing that there
is an exception to the rule.

What counts in kriegspiele is not whether the proponent in fact wins but whether he has a winning strategy, that is, whether he can win whatever
arguments the opponents chooses on the basis of critical questions since negative answers to such critical questions are in fact counterarguments.


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