[Micele]

Jaloerse internetbokken.

Zij lag blijkbaar aan de basis van die (latere en betere) algoritmes, als ik het goed begrepen heb.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katie_Bouman

Katie Bouman

Research and career

After earning her doctorate, Bouman joined Harvard University as a postdoctoral fellow on the Event Horizon Telescope Imaging team.[16][17][18] She will join the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) as an assistant professor in June 2019, where she plans to work on new systems for computational imaging using computer vision and machine learning.[19][20][21]

Bouman led the development of an algorithm for imaging black holes known as Continuous High-resolution Image Reconstruction using Patch priors, or CHIRP.[22][15][23] Sara Issaoun, another contributor to the black hole imaging project, clarified through social media that the Bouman-led 2016 algorithm was not used to create the final image of the black hole that was published in April 2019, however, she was one of five leads working on this aspect of the project.[24][25]

The algorithms that were ultimately used were Narayan & Nityananda's 1986 regularized maximum likelihood algorithm and Jan Högbom [sv]'s 1974 CLEAN algorithm.[26][27][28]

She provided computational support to learn about general relativity in the strong-field regime.[10][20][29] After publication of the imagery, a photo of Bouman smiling in front of a computer screen appeared widely in news outlets and social media[30][31][32][33] and controversy ensued over whether the role Bouman played was overstated by the media.[24]

Bouman became subject to harassment online, to the extent that her colleague Andrew Chael made a statement on Twitter criticizing "awful and sexist attacks on my colleague and friend Katie Bouman", including attempts to undermine her contributions by crediting him solely with the work in fact accomplished by a team that included Bouman, Chael, and numerous others.[1][34][35]

The machine learning algorithm fills in gaps in data produced by telescopes from around the world.[3][36] Bouman led efforts in "the verification of images and selection of imaging parameters" for filtering images taken by the Event Horizon Telescope.[28] She also participated in the development of a robust imaging framework that compared the results of different image reconstruction techniques.[37]

Katie Bouman leidde, sinds 2016 toen ze nog aan het MIT studeerde, de ontwikkeling van een algoritme om een beeld van een zwart gat te maken. De grootste radiotelescoop ter wereld had toen slechts een diameter van 305 meter. Een foto van een zwart gat maken zou een telescoop vereisen met een diameter van 10.000 kilometer. De oplossing van het project Event Horizon Telescope was het coördineren van de gegevens van meerdere telescopen op uiteenlopende plaatsen op aarde. Om die gegevens samen te brengen en de gaten in de data in te vullen waren algoritmes nodig. Bouman lag aan de basis van een van de algoritmes en leidde de ontwikkeling ervan. Ze noemde het algoritme CHIRP (Continuous High-resolution Image Reconstruction using Patch priors).[2]

Op 10 april 2019 slaagde men er dan uiteindelijk in een beeld te vormen van het zwart gat in het sterrenstelsel Messier 87. Met acht radiotelescopen wereldwijd gepositioneerd en onder meer het algoritme van Bouman werd de eerste 'foto' van een zwart gat gemaakt.[3]

Forschung und Karriere

Bouman leitete am MIT das Team, das den Algorithmus Continuous High-resolution Image Reconstruction using Patch priors (CHIRP) an die Erfordernisse des Event Horizon Telescopes anpasste.[13] Dieser Algorithmus wurde verwendet, um das supermassive Schwarze Loch im Kern der Galaxie Messier 87 bildlich darzustellen.[1] Das Bild wurde im April 2019 veröffentlicht.[14] Der Algorithmus unterstützte Berechnungen bei der Untersuchung der Starken Wechselwirkung in der Allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie.[7][15][16] Die Methode beruht unter anderem auf der Theorie, dass Schwarze Löcher Hintergrundschatten auf heiße Gaswolken werfen, die 1999 von Heino Falcke, Fulvio Melia und Eric Agol vorgeschlagen wurde.[17] Der Maschinenlernalgorithmus füllte Lücken in den Daten, die von Teleskopen aus der ganzen Welt produziert worden waren.[2][18] Bouman bemühte sich um Fortschritte im Bereich der Überprüfung von Bildern und der Auswahl von Bildparametern für das Event Horizon Telescope.[14]

Katie Bouman ging 2019 als Assistant Professor an das California Institute of Technology. Sie arbeitet an neuen Systemen für rechnerische bildgebende Verfahren.[15][19]

[1]

https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/13/1...ience-internet

Online trolls are harassing a scientist who helped take the first picture of a black hole

Black holes don’t suck, but sometimes the internet does

By Mary Beth Griggs Apr 13, 2019, 8:00am EDT

...
A Twitter account associated with her alma mater, MIT, was one of the first to congratulate her for the work, saying: “3 years ago MIT grad student Katie Bouman led the creation of a new algorithm to produce the first-ever image of a black hole. Today, that image was released.” The account linked to a 2016 story about Bouman developing an algorithm for the project. But if you were reading Twitter quickly, basking in the glow of a thousand eyes of Sauron, you might have inferred — as many did — that MIT was saying her algorithm alone led to the creation of that image. (They’ve since posted more tweets emphasizing that Bouman and her work were part of a collaboration.)

People took notice. Journalist Flora Graham compared a picture of Bouman with some of the hard drives used on the project to an image of Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist whose code was crucial to the Apollo missions. Congratulations poured in, and Bouman’s popularity accelerated. For some people, it was easier to relate to one delighted human face than two hundred smaller smiling faces and names.

The people behind the black hole image. Here are (almost) all the heroes of the @ehtelescope. (From our last collaboration meeting in Nijmegen, Nov. 2018.) #EHTblackhole


https://twitter.com/hfalcke/status/1...ience-internet

Within a few hours, the gravitational well of darkness that is the internet began to tug on her. Her phone started getting so many messages that she had to shut it off, according to The New York Times. Someone repeatedly set up fake Twitter accounts in her name. The next day, the Times published an article called “How Katie Bouman Accidentally Became the Face of the Black Hole Project”. The Verge reached out to Bouman for comment, but a representative of MIT told The Verge that Bouman was not speaking to the press at the moment.

It’s wonderful to be recognized for your work. But it must also be uncomfortable to stand in a spotlight and be asked to take a final bow for your starring role when you were part of an ensemble cast.

“I AM SO LUCKY TO HAVE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO WORK WITH YOU ALL.”

In response to the attention, Bouman wrote in a Facebook post: “No one algorithm or person made this image, it required the amazing talent of a team of scientists from around the globe and years of hard work to develop the instrument, data processing, imaging methods, and analysis techniques that were necessary to pull off this seemingly impossible feat. It has been truly an honor, and I am so lucky to have had the opportunity to work with you all.”

It’s the internet; things got worse. In what can only be described as a sexist scavenger hunt, people began going over her work to see how much she’d really contributed to the project that skyrocketed her to unasked-for fame. The trolls focused in on one of her colleagues, Andrew Chael, who was listed on GitHub as the primary developer for one of the algorithms that revealed the black hole, and started circulating his picture instead. Chael was having none of it.